Diritto Pubblico Comparato ed Europeo

Sommario

1. Introduzione. – 2. Origini e prospettive di sviluppo delle “politiche positive”: l’esperienza brasiliana in un’ottica comparata. – 3. Eguaglianza e tutela dei “soggetti deboli” nella cornice della Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil del 1988. – 4. Le azioni positive “alla prova”.

Abstract

The author analyzes the policy of affirmative actions in the Brazilian legal system (particularly the quotas reserved for Afro-descendants to be admitted to University). Even if the Constitution of 1988 doesn’t include an express mention to the so-called Ações Afirmativas, they must be considered in line with the Constitution: the reference to right-principle to equality (interpreted in the light of the democratic and inclusive process that has characterized the works of the Constituent Assembly in the two years 1987-88) and the individuation of specific categories of “weak subjects” constitute sufficient elements to acknowledge the constitutional legitimacy. Besides, even if a definite judicial address of the Supremo Tribunal Federal on the matter still lacks, some significant signals depose in favour of the constitutionality of the affirmative actions.