| Diritto interno e diritto internazionale: profili storico-comparatistici |
| Fascicolo 2002-3 |
| Scritto da Floridia Giuseppe G. |
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Sommario 1. Premessa. – 2. Le esperienze più antiche: “monismo” internazionalistico e “monismo” della forma di governo. – 3. L’esperienza del primo ottocento: le conseguenze dualiste della prerogativa regia. – 4. Il secondo ottocento: dualismo e parlamentarismo. – 5. Il parlamentarismo “razionalizzato”: Germania, Austria, Spagna. – 6. Il secondo dopoguerra. – 7. L’ultimo costituzionalismo del novecento. – 8. Conseguenze e sviluppi.
Abstract The article deals with the rules set by means of the new art. 117, c. 1, Cost., and the wide range of solutions about the relationship between national law and international law – “dualist” and “monist” – adopted by succeeding constitutions. The variety of these solutions highlights that they are neither tecnically “obligatory”, nor “arbitrary”, but all of them have a meaning and are specifically motivated according, either to the different forms of government and division of powers, or to the fundamental principles of the form of State. In particular the author upholds that the first model is dominant in the oldest constitutional experiences like revolutionary constitutions and those born in the Restoration and in the Liberal movement in the XIX century. The second one, instead, is characteristic for those dating back to the XX century, from the opening of the Weimar Republic to the general international law, to the “monism” of the most recent constitutions – Portugal, Spain, PECO –, especially in the field of the international protection of right. |