Diritto Pubblico Comparato ed Europeo

Sommario

1. Premessa. – 2 La forma di governo tra immaginazione e realtà. – 3. Le proposte di revisione della forma di governo: dal Comitato Balladur alla riforma costituzionale. – 4. La mancata adozione di una forma di governo presidenziale. – 5. La mancata adozione di una forma di governo parlamentare e del cosiddetto “premierato”. – 6. Novità e limiti in tema di diritti dei cittadini e istituti di garanzia. – 7. Adattamenti ed evoluzione della forma di governo.

Abstract

The study focuses on the changes of the French form of government, following the approval, on July 21st 2008, of the more extensive constitutional review since the beginning of the Fifth Republic. The reform under examination, having also brought interesting changes on equilibrium among the powers, on rights of the citizens and guarantee institutions, doesn't seem to have modified the characterizing lines of the “semi-presidential” form of government. On the other hand, the promoters of this reform didn’t want to radically modify the French form of government, but only bring specific updating. The whole reform, indeed, contains modifications pursued to the presidential model – without nevertheless coming near to the North American model – and innovations finalized to valorise the role of the Parliament, without approaching the French form of government to the so-called model "neoparlamentary" or “premiership”. The French system remains, however, also after the reforms that have been approved from 2000, a dualistic system with a strong presidential prominence that does not exclude Cohabitation, even if it makes its realization more difficult.